The Maine Federation of Women's Clubs expressed concerns about conditions at state institutions and found overcrowding, staff shortages, and inadequate food and clothing.
While the patient population would peak in the 1930s at around 1,500, Superintendent Kupelian would continue to advocate for expanding the numbers of residents - asking the public to support funding for up to 9,000 total patients.
In 1938 came the first whispers of something more sinister, when a former Superior Court judge accused the institution of neglect.
While changes were being made to the administrative structures of Maine’s institutions, the Pownal State School was undergoing an expansion as well. An increase in beds and buildings was championed by a new superintendent, Dr. Stephen E. Vosburgh, who was hired in 1919 and served for 18 years.
Alongside blaming heredity for causing intellectual disabilities, those with such disabilities were demonized and blamed for all the ills in our society - women of “feeble mind” were said to be promiscuous - and of course would “breed” more generations of “defectives” with their loose morals.
Just six years after the institution opened, a headline announced "Care of Feeble-Minded Big Problem for Maine." The facility already had 255 people receiving care, with 160 on a waiting list.
Maine’s Malaga Island in the late-19th and early-20th centuries was inhabited by a mixed-race community of fishermen and families. In the early 1900's, fear and racism turned public opinion against the people of Malaga, and many inhabitants of that island were sent to the School for the Feeble Minded.
Only three years after the Maine School for the Feeble-Minded opened, a visiting committee identified problems.
"Remarkable Progress Made In Work At State's New Home for Feeble Minded at West Pownal," a newspaper headline announced on July 10, 1909.
By the late 19th and early 20th century, there were rising calls for a separate institution for those who were called the “feeble minded”.